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CANNELLINI BEANS
Cannellini beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are relatives of the kidney bean; in fact, they are sometimes called white kidney beans because they look like just that. They are also called fazolia beans and are popular in Italian cuisine. They are about a half inch long, kidney shaped, and have a tough skin. Their flavor is mildly nutty and their texture is smooth and creamy when cooked. This bean was originally cultivated in Argentina by Italian immigrants and later taken to Italy where they are now grown commercially.
Suggested Use:Cannellini beans have a nutty flavor which is wonderful in pasta e fasolia, minestrone soup, hearty stews and the list goes on Try Cannellini Beans in a cold salad with marinated artichoke hearts, fresh basil and olive oil.
Basic Prep:Rinse beans thoroughly. Place beans in pot and add water to cover by 2 inches. Bring to a boil over high heat. Turn heat off and let beans soak for 1 hour. Drain. Add beans back to pot, cover again with 2 inches of fresh water and add a generous pinch of salt. Bring to a boil over high heat, then reduce to a simmer and cook for 45 minutes, or until beans are tender. 1 cup dry yields 2-1/2 cups cooked.
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CRANBERRY BEANS (BORLOTTI)
Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris) are related to the Kidney Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris). Cranberries are like the Pinto Bean but reversed in color with pink skin and maroon mottling. They are somewhat plumper than the Pinto and are about 1/2 inch long. Cranberry Beans have a sweet, mild flavor. Also referred to as a borlotto, crab eye, roman, romano, rosecoco or saluggia bean.They may be interchanged in recipes wherever Borlotti or Saluggia Beans are required. Like their Mexican and Italian cousins (Pinto and Kidney), they will turn pink when cooked.
Suggested Use:In Italy, Cranberry Beans are used in pasta dishes and soups. Add them to rice dishes, stews, casseroles, cold bean and vegetable salads. For a quick and flavorful salad toss the beans with crumbled gorgonzola cheese, olive oil and a dash of fresh rosemary.
Basic Prep:Soak overnight in plenty of water. Drain, rinse and place in a large pot that has a lid. Add enough water to cover beans by 1 inch. Bring to a boil for 3 minutes, reduce heat and simmer, covered, for 45 minutes until tender. One cup dry yields 3 cups cooked.
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COLORADO FREMONT, BEANS
These large beautiful heirloom beans of multi colors are thought to date back to the ancient Fremont People grown in Burlington, Colorado.
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COLORADO ANASAZI, BEANS
Anasazi beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are small legumes related to the Kidney Bean. These beans are about 1/2 inch long with a dappled burgundy and cream color. The color fades to dark pink when cooked. Anasazi beans have a mild flavor and firm texture. The bean’s name, which means ancient ones, comes from the cliff-dwelling Anasazi Native American tribe of America’s Southwest, who first cultivated this type of bean.
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FLAGEOLET BEANS, FRENCH
Flageolet Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are immature kidney beans that have been removed from the pod while very young. This bean originated in the United States, but was brought to France where they are cultivated and are more commonly used. Flageolets are about 3/8 inch long and range from pale pastel green to pale ocher to white. Flageolet Beans have a delicately tender texture with a light and fresh taste. Place beans in a pot and cover with water by 2 inches. Bring to a boil, then turn off heat and let soak for 1 hour. Drain. Return to pot and cover with fresh water by 2 inches. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 30 minutes or until tender. Drain. One cup dry yields 2 1/4 cups cooked.
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FAVA BEANS, DRIED
The Fava Bean (Vica faba) is a flat, oval bean, 3/4 to 1 inch long, that grows in an inedible large pod. The Fava has an assertive, almost bitter earthy flavor and granular texture. These beans are also known as faba, broad, horse, English, scotch, field rounded, or Windsor beans. Favas were the only bean known to Europeans until the discovery of the new world. The Fava pedigree goes back to ancient Egypt as a staple in the diet of the pyramid builders, cultivation can be traced back to the bronze age in Switzerland and the iron age in Great Britain. Fava Beans must be peeled before eaten. A peeled Fava Bean is also called a Habas Bean. One cup dry yields 2-1/4 cups cooked.
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BLACK TURTLE BEANS
Black Turtle Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are related to the Kidney Bean. Black Turtle Beans are also known as Black Beans. Turtle Beans are small, kidney shaped with a slight rectangular look. These beans are black, shiny and have a slight mushroom flavor. Black Beans hold their shape when cooked and absorb flavors well. Native to South America, Black Turtle Beans are an important ingredient in Brazilian and Cuban dishes.
Suggested Use:Black Turtle Beans have a deep flavor which works well in soups, such as Cuban Black Bean soup. They are also good in frijoles refritos, and chili. Cooked in a savory broth, Black Beans can stand alone with a dish of rice.
Basic Prep:Soak overnight. Rinse and place in a large pot and cover with fresh water. Bring water to a boil for 3 minutes, reduce heat and simmer, covered, for 60 minutes until tender. One cup dry yields 2-1/4 cups cooked. salt the water to your desired liking.
